At the Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) 2025, Apple made a groundbreaking announcement that could redefine the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) in mobile and desktop applications. The company revealed that it is opening its Apple Intelligence Foundation Models Framework (FMF) to third-party developers, enabling them to integrate on-device AI capabilities into their apps.

This brief post provides an analysis of the three AI strategies. I hope this post offers clarity on how each platform positions itself in the competitive landscape and concludes with an evidence-based summary.

To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive and up-to-date book on Apple’s AI strategies. As I’ve also shared, the book includes a Prologue with an overview and timeline of Apple Intelligence. It’s important to know that Apple has combined its ongoing work in machine learning (Core ML) with large-scale Artificial Intelligence under the Apple Intelligence umbrella in recent years. Read on to learn more...

This week, I've been working on the new INSTANT AI: APPLE INTELLIGENCE EDITION Chapter 8: Health & Fitness Insights Powered by AI. As part of this, I've been reviewing and considering the implications of Apple's latest information on Project Mulberry (and its successor project called Project Quartz). Here's my take on how this all comes together: 

I have long relied on basic accessibility tools that allow me to function normally in my academic and professional pursuits. I’ve been privileged to work with scores of differently-abled colleagues, including those with vision, hearing, emotional, physical, and intellectual challenges. As a consumer of accessibility capabilities and a longtime proponent of a genuinely equal-opportunity workplace, I believe that AI offers breakthrough capabilities for those of all abilities.